Study of acute biochemical effects of thallium toxicity in mouse urine by NMR spectroscopy.
Study of acute biochemical effects of thallium toxicity in mouse urine by NMR spectroscopy.
J Appl Toxicol. 2011 Jan 7;
Authors: Tyagi R, Rana P, Khan AR, Bhatnagar D, Devi MM, Chaturvedi S, Tripathi RP, Khushu S
Thallium (Tl) is a toxic heavy metal and its exposure to the human body causes physiological and biochemical changes due to its interference with potassium-dependent biological reactions. A high-resolution (1) H NMR spectroscopy based metabonomic approach has been applied for investigating acute biochemical effects caused by thallium sulfate (Tl(2) SO(4) ). Male strain A mice were divided in three groups and received three doses of Tl(2) SO(4) (5, 10 and 20 mg kg(-1) b.w., i.p.). Urine samples collected at 3, 24, 72 and 96 h post-dose time points were analyzed by (1) H NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectral data were processed and analyzed using principal components analysis to represent biochemical variations induced by Tl(2) SO(4) . Results showed Tl-exposed mice urine to have distinct metabonomic phenotypes and revealed dose- and time-dependent clustering of treated groups. The metabolic signature of urine analysis from Tl(2) SO(4) -treated animals exhibited an increase in the levels of creatinine, taurine, hippurate and ?-hydroxybutyrate along with a decrease in energy metabolites trimethylamine and choline. These findings revealed Tl-induced disturbed gut flora, membrane metabolite, energy and protein metabolism, representing physiological dysfunction of vital organs. The present study indicates the great potential of NMR-based metabonomics in mapping metabolic response for toxicology, which could ultimately lead to identification of potential markers for Tl toxicity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PMID: 21218500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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PubMed